How do we perceive color?

Color perception is a complex process that involves the interaction between light, the human eye, and the brain. The perception of color begins with the interaction of light with objects in the environment. When light strikes an object, some wavelengths are absorbed, and others are reflected. The reflected light enters the eye through the cornea and passes through the lens, which focuses the light onto the retina at the back of the eye. The retina contains two types of light-sensitive cells called photoreceptors: rods and cones. Cones are responsible for color vision and are sensitive to different wavelengths of light, corresponding to different colors. There are three types of cones, each sensitive to short (blue), medium (green), or long (red) wavelengths of light. The brain processes the signals from these cones to create our perception of color. Color perception is influenced by factors such as the intensity and spectrum of light, as well as individual differences in the number and sensitivity of cones.